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          <trans-title>Bakery of Russia</trans-title>
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      <issn pub-type="ppub">2073-3569</issn>
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      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">128</article-id>
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        <article-title xml:lang="ru">&#x41F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x44B; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x430;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x438;&#x444;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;</article-title>
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          <trans-title>Promising methods for enrichment and modification of bread sourdough</trans-title>
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              <surname>Antipova</surname>
              <given-names>Sofya I.</given-names>
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          <institution content-type="orgname">Kaliningrad State Technical University, 236022, Kaliningrad Region, Kaliningrad, Sovetsky Prospekt, 1</institution>
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      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="epub">
        <day>30</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2026</year>
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      <volume>70</volume>
      <issue>1-2</issue>
      <fpage>10</fpage>
      <lpage>23</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-27">
          <day>27</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
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        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">&#xA9; 2026 Bakery of Russia</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
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      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>&#x425;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x438;&#x437;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x441;&#x443;&#x442;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x443;&#x44E;&#x442; &#x432; &#x440;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x445; &#x432;&#x441;&#x435;&#x445; &#x433;&#x440;&#x443;&#x43F;&#x43F; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x441;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x44D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x443; &#x44F;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x44F;&#x435;&#x442;&#x441;&#x44F; &#x446;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x430;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x438;&#x437;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x439; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x440;&#x435;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43C; &#x43F;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;. &#x410;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437; &#x43B;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x442;&#x443;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430;&#x43B;, &#x447;&#x442;&#x43E; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; &#x443;&#x43B;&#x443;&#x447;&#x448;&#x430;&#x435;&#x442; &#x444;&#x443;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x446;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;-&#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x435;, &#x43E;&#x440;&#x433;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x435; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x438;&#x449;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x445;&#x430;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438;, &#x432; &#x43E;&#x442;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x447;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x442; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43B;&#x44E;&#x447;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x434;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x436;&#x435;&#x439;. &#x421;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x44C;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x432;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x43E;&#x442;&#x43A;&#x440;&#x44B;&#x442;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x444;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x43E;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x441;&#x443;&#x449;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x443;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x445; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x430;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43C;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x438;&#x444;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x438; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A;. &#x41D;&#x430;&#x438;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x43C;&#x438; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;&#x43C;&#x438; &#x44F;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x44F;&#x44E;&#x442;&#x441;&#x44F; &#x432;&#x432;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x444;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;, &#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x440;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43A;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x442;&#x443;&#x440;.</p>
      </abstract>
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        <p>Bakery products are presented in the diets of all population groups, making it essential to develop fortified bakery products to solve modern nutritional problems. A literature review has shown that the use of sourdough in bread production improves the functional, technological, organoleptic, and nutritional characteristics of the finished product, compared to the exclusive use of baker's yeast. This article examines open sources to evaluate existing methods for fortifying and modifying bread sourdoughs. The most promising approaches include the addition of enzymes and starter cultures.</p>
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        <kwd>bread sourdough</kwd>
        <kwd>yeast</kwd>
        <kwd>enzymes</kwd>
        <kwd>functional foods</kwd>
        <kwd>lactic acid bacteria</kwd>
        <kwd>fermentation</kwd>
        <kwd>bread baking</kwd>
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        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors did not declare any external funding for this research.</funding-statement>
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    <ref-list xml:lang="ru">
      <title>&#x421;&#x43F;&#x438;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A; &#x43B;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x442;&#x443;&#x440;&#x44B;</title>
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        <mixed-citation>&#x410;&#x43A;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x447; &#x410;.&#x412;., &#x41A;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44E;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x43E; &#x41C;.&#x41D;., &#x411;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44B;&#x445;&#x438;&#x43D; &#x41C;.&#x413;. &#x41E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x440;&#x44B;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43E;&#x442;&#x440;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x438; &#x411;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x430;&#x440;&#x443;&#x441;&#x438; &#x438; &#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x438; // &#x425;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x441;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x445;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x441;&#x44B;&#x440;&#x44C;&#x44F;. 2022. &#x2116; 3. &#x421;. 187-209.</mixed-citation>
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        <mixed-citation>&#x411;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x41A;.&#x410;., &#x41B;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x430;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430; &#x41D;.&#x41B;. &#x417;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;: &#x432;&#x438;&#x434;&#x44B; &#x438; &#x440;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C; // &#x41C;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x435;&#x436;&#x44C; &#x438; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x430;. 2024. &#x2116; 2.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R3">
        <mixed-citation>&#x411;&#x443;&#x440;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x410;.&#x412;., &#x422;&#x430;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x415;.&#x421;., &#x41A;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x43C;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x41E;.&#x412;. &#x41F;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442; &#x2116; 2849768 C1 &#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x41C;&#x41F;&#x41A; A21D 8/02, A21D 13/02. &#x421;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x441;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x444;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x443;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x438;&#x437;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x438;&#x437; &#x43C;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x442;&#x440;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x435;: &#x437;&#x430;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x43B;. 19.12.2024: &#x43E;&#x43F;&#x443;&#x431;&#x43B;. 29.10.2025; &#x437;&#x430;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C; &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x431;&#x44E;&#x434;&#x436;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x443;&#x447;&#x440;&#x435;&#x436;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x448;&#x435;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#xAB;&#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x431;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442;&#xBB;. &#x41C;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;, 2025.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R4">
        <mixed-citation>&#x411;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x415;.&#x418;., &#x41A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430; &#x410;.&#x415;., &#x41F;&#x44C;&#x44F;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x42D;.&#x410;., &#x413;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44F;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x418;.&#x410;. &#x410;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x437; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x437;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x439; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x430; &#x446;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x445;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x445; // &#x412;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A; &#x412;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x436;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439;. 2023. &#x422;. 85. &#x2116; 1 (95). &#x421;. 71-78.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R5">
        <mixed-citation>&#x413;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430;, &#x41E;. &#x412;. &#x425;&#x430;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x444;&#x438;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x438; &#x435;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; // StudNet. 2020. &#x422;. 3. &#x2116; 11. &#x421;. 12.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R6">
        <mixed-citation>&#x414;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x433;&#x438;&#x445; &#x412;.&#x412;. &#x41F;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442; &#x2116; 2702089 C1 &#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x41C;&#x41F;&#x41A; A21D 13/04. &#x425;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431; &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x43F;&#x438;&#x449;&#x435;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x446;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x438; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431; &#x435;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x438;&#x437;&#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;: &#x2116; 2018147043: &#x437;&#x430;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x43B;. 27.12.2018: &#x43E;&#x43F;&#x443;&#x431;&#x43B;. 03.10.2019. &#x41C;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;, 2018.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R7">
        <mixed-citation>&#x415;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x435;&#x435;&#x432; &#x420;.&#x420;., &#x41A;&#x430;&#x448;&#x430;&#x435;&#x432; &#x410;.&#x413;., &#x417;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x432; &#x410;.&#x412;. &#x41F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x43A; &#x432; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x438; // &#x418;&#x437;&#x432;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x448;&#x438;&#x445; &#x443;&#x447;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x437;&#x430;&#x432;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x439;. &#x41F;&#x438;&#x449;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x44F;. 2010. &#x2116; 2-3 (314-315). &#x421;. 7-9.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R8">
        <mixed-citation>&#x416;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x418;.&#x41C;., &#x418;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x447;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x414;., &#x41F;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x418;.&#x412;. &#x41F;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x442; &#x2116; 2852058 C1 &#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x441;&#x438;&#x439;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x44F; &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x41C;&#x41F;&#x41A; A21D 8/02, A21D 2/36. &#x421;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x43E;-&#x442;&#x43E;&#x43C;&#x430;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x442;&#x438;&#x43F;&#x430; 1: &#x437;&#x430;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x43B;. 11.12.2024: &#x43E;&#x43F;&#x443;&#x431;&#x43B;. 02.12.2025; &#x437;&#x430;&#x44F;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C; &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x435;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x431;&#x44E;&#x434;&#x436;&#x435;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x435; &#x443;&#x447;&#x440;&#x435;&#x436;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x432;&#x44B;&#x441;&#x448;&#x435;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#xAB;&#x412;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x436;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442; &#x438;&#x43D;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x439;&#xBB;. &#x412;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x436;, 2024.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R9">
        <mixed-citation>&#x416;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x418;.&#x41C;., &#x420;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x44F;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x42E;.&#x424;., &#x418;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x447;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432; &#x414;.&#x421;. &#x417;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x442;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; (&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E;) &#x431;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F;: &#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438; &#x438; &#x440;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C; &#x432; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x440;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43C; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43C; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435; // &#x422;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x430; &#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x438;&#x449;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x445; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;. 2023. &#x422;. 53. &#x2116; 3. &#x421;. 525-544.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R10">
        <mixed-citation>&#x418;&#x433;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x415;.&#x414;., &#x427;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x410;.&#x412;. &#x421;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x440;&#x435;&#x446;&#x435;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x443;&#x440;&#x44B; &#x438; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438; &#x431;&#x435;&#x437;&#x433;&#x43B;&#x44E;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x433;&#x440;&#x435;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x435; // &#x412;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A; &#x41C;&#x435;&#x436;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x430;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x434;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x438; &#x445;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x430;. 2025. &#x2116; 1. &#x421;. 58-66.</mixed-citation>
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        <mixed-citation>&#x418;&#x43A;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43C;&#x438; &#x41C;.&#x411;., &#x428;&#x430;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x41C;.&#x411;. &#x412;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x44F;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x445;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x43D;&#x430; &#x440;&#x430;&#x437;&#x432;&#x438;&#x442;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x444;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x431;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x437;&#x43D;&#x438; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; // &#x41C;&#x435;&#x436;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x443;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x43E;-&#x438;&#x441;&#x441;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x436;&#x443;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x43B;. 2020. &#x2116; 2-1 (92). &#x421;. 94-97.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R12">
        <mixed-citation>&#x41A;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43F;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x414;.&#x415;., &#x410;&#x441;&#x44F;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x430; &#x41B;.&#x41A;. &#x41F;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x442;&#x438;&#x432;&#x44B; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43C;&#x438;&#x43A;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x44B; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x438;&#x437;&#x432;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; // &#x41F;&#x438;&#x449;&#x435;&#x432;&#x44B;&#x435; &#x437;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x44C;&#x435;&#x441;&#x431;&#x435;&#x440;&#x435;&#x433;&#x430;&#x44E;&#x449;&#x438;&#x435; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438;: &#x421;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A; &#x442;&#x435;&#x437;&#x438;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x432; II &#x41C;&#x435;&#x436;&#x434;&#x443;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x434;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x421;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x438;&#x443;&#x43C;&#x430;, &#x43F;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x432;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; 50-&#x43B;&#x435;&#x442;&#x438;&#x44E; &#x41A;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x413;&#x423; (2-3 &#x43D;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x431;&#x440;&#x44F; 2023 &#x433;., &#x41A;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;). &#x41A;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43E;: &#x41A;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x433;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x443;&#x434;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x44B;&#x439; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442;, 2023. &#x421;. 61-63.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R13">
        <mixed-citation>&#x41A;&#x43E;&#x43D;&#x44F;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430; &#x412;.&#x41C;., &#x42F;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43A;&#x43E; &#x41D;.&#x412;., &#x424;&#x435;&#x434;&#x43E;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430; &#x420;.&#x410;. &#x418;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x438; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x438;&#x433;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x43F;&#x438;&#x442;&#x430;&#x442;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x432; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x430; // XXI &#x432;&#x435;&#x43A;: &#x438;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x448;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x438; &#x43F;&#x440;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x43C;&#x44B; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x44F;&#x449;&#x435;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x43F;&#x43B;&#x44E;&#x441;. 2021. &#x422;. 10. &#x2116; 1 (53). &#x421;. 156-160.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R14">
        <mixed-citation>&#x41A;&#x44B;&#x440;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x431;&#x430;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430; &#x428;.&#x422;., &#x49A;&#x430;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x431;&#x435;&#x43A;&#x44B;&#x437;&#x44B; &#x416;. &#x425;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x439; &#x441;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x430;&#x432;, &#x431;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43E;&#x441;&#x43E;&#x431;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x438; &#x438; &#x432;&#x43E;&#x437;&#x43C;&#x43E;&#x436;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x441;&#x442;&#x44C; &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x445;&#x43C;&#x435;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x43E;&#x431;&#x44B;&#x43A;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x43E; &#x432; &#x43A;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x432;&#x435; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; &#x434;&#x43B;&#x44F; &#x445;&#x43B;&#x435;&#x431;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x435;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x44F; // &#x412;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A; &#x443;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x432;&#x435;&#x440;&#x441;&#x438;&#x442;&#x435;&#x442;&#x430; &#x428;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x430;&#x440;&#x438;&#x43C;&#x430;. &#x421;&#x435;&#x440;&#x438;&#x44F; &#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43D;&#x430;&#x443;&#x43A;&#x438;. 2021. &#x2116; 4 (4). &#x421;. 43-47.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="R15">
        <mixed-citation>&#x41B;&#x43E;&#x43F;&#x430;&#x435;&#x432;&#x430; &#x41D;.&#x41B;., &#x428;&#x430;&#x440;&#x430;&#x432;&#x44C;&#x435;&#x432; &#x41F;.&#x412;. &#x410;&#x434;&#x430;&#x43F;&#x442;&#x430;&#x446;&#x438;&#x44F;, &#x438;&#x441;&#x43F;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x44C;&#x437;&#x43E;&#x432;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x438; &#x445;&#x440;&#x430;&#x43D;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435; &#x43F;&#x448;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x439; &#x437;&#x430;&#x43A;&#x432;&#x430;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438; // &#x412;&#x435;&#x441;&#x442;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x43A; &#x431;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x442;&#x435;&#x445;&#x43D;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x438;. 2023. &#x2116; 1 (34).</mixed-citation>
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